This work is a historical novel. his story takes place in palestine, about the third crusade. its main protagonists are (lightning) selahaddin eyyubi and the king of england, richard the lionheart, one of the organizers of the 3rd crusade. in these wars, on the palestinian front, saladin ayyubi won a brilliant victory in tabariyya, recaptured jerusalem from the crusaders, captured king lui of jerusalem, and erased both the names and the insignia of the crusaders. the umran and civilization that the westerners saw in the islamic countries during his period were influential in the europeans' entry to the civilization path. ?introductory text. more than 10 stocks are offered to be sold at the campaign price. Improved version for clearer understanding and better search visibility. Suitable for users seeking detailed and reliable product information.